| In order to reveal the differences in the microbial composition of the skin mucus and the habitat of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) in different physiological states, we compared the differences in the community structure of the skin mucus flora of healthy and sub-healthy Chinese sturgeon, and explored the correlation between the structure of bacterial community and the physiological state of Chinese sturgeon. In this experiment, the skin mucus and aquacultural water of healthy and sub-healthy Chinese sturgeon were collected, and the bacterial flora structure was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that microbial diversity and richness were significantly higher in the sub-healthy group than in the healthy group (p < 0.05).Statistical analysis of the sequences showed that a large number of unique Operational taxonomic unit (OTUs)existed in the mucus samples compared to the aquacultural water, and the number of shared OTUs with the aquacultural water changed according to the health status. According to the similarity and difference analysis between groups, the principal component and principal coordinate analyses between different groups showed a strong tendency to separate and the relative distance between samples within groups was small. There were significant differences in the composition and dominant species of the skin mucus and aquacultural water communities of Chinese sturgeon at the phylum and genus levels. The dominant phyla in the water were Proteobacteria (31.84%) and Firmicutes (24.37%); the dominant phyla in the healthy group were Proteobacteria (55.23%) and Bacteroidetes (21%); and the percentage of Proteobacteria (40.23%) in the sub-healthy group was relatively healthy group, but the proportion of Acidobacteria (18.29%), Gemmatimonadetes (10.08%), Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia increased. The dominant flora in the water included Sphaerochaeta (10.56%) and Cloacibacillus (7.95%). The dominant flora in the healthy group included Ralstonia (19.83%) and Mucilaginibacter (8.11%). The dominant flora in the sub-healthy group compared to the healthy group and consisted mainly of Sphingomonas (16.71%) and WPS-1_genera_incertae_sedis (5.05%). Functional prediction revealed that the functional abundance of the flora in the sub-healthy group showed a decreasing trend compared with that in the healthy group, including environmental adaptation, biological metabolism, signal transduction. Similarity and difference analysis of mucus microbiome of Chinese sturgeon in different physiological state and aquacultural water, with the change of Chinese sturgeon's physiological state, the core flora of skin mucus produces differences, and the genus of Sphingomonas in the subhealthy group is the dominant genus of mucus flora, which can be used as a marker for health detection. By comparing the microbial communities in the skin mucus of healthy and sub-healthy Chinese sturgeon, it was found that different microbial community structures existed in different health states, which provided a new perspective for the healthy culture and monitoring of Chinese sturgeon. |
