|
| 青岛崂山近岸海域表层沉积物中微塑料的污染特征 |
| Distribution Characteristics of Microplastic Pollution in the Surface Sediments of Laoshan-Coastal Areas, Qingdao |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-19 修订日期：2023-11-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 微塑料 污染特征 近岸海域 沉积物 |
| 英文关键词: Microplastics Pollution characteristics Coastal Areas Sediment |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金青年项目（ZR2020QC209）、山东省重点研发计划项目（2022CXPT013）、崂山实验室科技创新项目（LSKJ202203903）、山东省泰山学者专项（tsqn202211267）和中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD12) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 165 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 微塑料污染已成为与全球气候变化、臭氧耗竭和海洋酸化并列的重大全球环境问题,其污染特征及生态环境风险已成为全球研究热点。城市近岸海域往往是高强度人类活动区域,其海底沉积物中微塑料的污染状况可能更为复杂。但至今为止城市近岸海域沉积物中微塑料的污染现状、分布特征仍不清楚,亟待研究。为此,本文以典型滨海旅游和海洋城市青岛市为例,对其崂山近岸海域表层沉积物中微塑料的丰度、形状、颜色、聚合物类型等进行了调查研究。结果表明青岛市崂山近岸海域表层沉积物中微塑料丰度处于9.06-34.48个/kg之间,平均丰度为21.97±8.32个/kg；微塑料主要形态为纤维状,占比53%,其余为颗粒状和薄层状；主要颜色为透明色,占比66%,其余为黑色、白色和其他颜色；粒径主要分布于0.5 mm以下,占比76%；聚合物类型主要为聚丙烯,占比45%,其余为聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、纤维素。与国内外其它海域沉积物相比,青岛市崂山近岸海域表层沉积物中微塑料污染程度整体处于较低水平。但考虑到沿岸城市人类活动强度较大,其微塑料污染状况、分布特征需要长期关注。本研究结果将为城市近岸海域微塑料生态环境风险评估和管控提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to the extensive production and utilization of plastic products, a substantial volume of plastic waste is inevitably generated, comprising plastic particles measuring less than 5 mm in size which are categorized as microplastics. Microplastics, emanating from diverse sources can be classified into primary and secondary categories. Primary microplastics encompass plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm synthetically produced in industrial processes, such as plastic microbeads found in exfoliating scrubs, toothpaste and facial cleansers. On the other hand, secondary microplastics result from mechanical abrasion, ultraviolet radiation, biological fragmentation and other processes acting upon larger plastic items. Surveys have revealed the global distribution of microplastics aptly termed the "PM2.5 of the ocean." Microplastics have evolved into a prominent environmental issue paralleling challenges posed by global climate change, ozone depletion and ocean acidification as an emerging global concern. Consequently, their pollution characteristics and associated ecological and environmental risks have become a focal point of global research.Marine microplastics predominantly originate from atmospheric deposition, land-based inputs, coastal tourism, maritime shipping and fishery production activities. Seabed sediments serve as a significant reservoir or "sink" for microplastics in the oceans. Disparities in microplastic abundances are evident in nearshore beaches, offshore sediments and deep ocean sediments. The pollution status of microplastics in sediments may be exacerbated in urban nearshore areas due to intense human activities. Nevertheless, the pollution status and distribution characteristics of microplastics in urban nearshore sediments remain unclear to date. Given that Qingdao represents a typical coastal tourism and marine city. This study investigates the abundance, morphology, polymer types and color of microplastics in the Surface Sediments of Laoshan-Coastal Areas, Qingdao. Microplastics were isolated from surface sediment samples and examined under a stereomicroscope equipped with a camera. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to identify the polymer type of microplastics. The results revealed that the abundance of microplastics in the Surface Sediments of Laoshan-Coastal Areas, Qingdao, ranged from 9.06 to 34.48 items/kg with an average of 21.97±8.32 items/kg. Microplastics with a particle size less than 0.5 mm constituted 76% of the total microplastic count. Granule, Fiber and Film shapes predominated accounting for 53%, 33%, and 14% respectively. Transparent microplastics were more prevalent than those of other colors comprising 66% of the total. Four polymer types of microplastics were identified including polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), cellulose and polyethylene (PE). PP emerged as the dominant polymer type constituting 45% of the total followed by PS at 22%. The microplastic pollution levels in the Surface Sediments of Laoshan-Coastal Areas, Qingdao were found to be comparatively lower than those in other domestic sea sediments. Considering the heightened human activities in coastal cities, further investigation into the microplastic pollution status and distribution characteristics of coastal areas is warranted. These findings contribute to an enhanced understanding of the environmental risks posed by microplastics to marine ecosystems and provide a scientific foundation for the assessment and management of microplastic pollution in coastal regions. |
| 附件 |
|
View Fulltext
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
