In recent years, there has been growing scientific and public interest in the protection of endangered aquatic animals, especially cetaceans. Chinese scientists have carried out numerous studies on marine mammals. However, only a few works have focused on the marine finless porpoise compared with the other two cetacean species/subspecies: Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins and Yangtze finless porpoises. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct systematic studies on marine finless porpoises. In this article, we reviewed the historical records, taxonomy, and studies on marine finless porpoises, particularly aspects such as the ecology, biology, conservation, genetics, acoustics, feeding, and breeding. In addition, further studies and conservation strategies are recommended accordingly, aiming to better understand and protect marine finless porpoise.