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| 石蛏属线粒体基因组及其应用 |
| Lithophaga mitochondrial genome and its applications |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-10 修订日期：2025-06-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 石蛏属，线粒体基因组，系统演化，nad2基因，种群遗传 |
| 英文关键词: Lithophaga mitochondrial genome phylogenetic evolution nad2 gene population genetics |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 石蛏属物种在珊瑚礁生态系中有着重要的生态价值。本研究新测石蛏属光石蛏(Lithophaga teres)和金石蛏(Lithophaga zitteliana)线粒体基因组,并研究其在系统演化及石蛏群体遗传学方面的应用。光石蛏和金石蛏线粒体基因组均为双链环状结构,分别为35,469 bp、38,333 bp,均由2个rRNAs、22个tRNAs和13个PCGs组成。通过构建贻贝科物种系统发育树,查明石蛏属在贻贝科中的分类地位与系统发育关系,完善石蛏属分类体系,阐明石蛏属为单系群,结合线粒体基因组成及排列特征,支持将膜石蛏属移出石蛏亚科。此外,对光石蛏和金石蛏线粒体PCGs进行选择压力分析,筛选出nad2基因作为分子标记并联合cox1基因用于我国南海3个光石蛏野生群体的遗传分析,cox1和nad2基因片段长度分别为748 bp和425 bp,与cox1相比,nad2能反映出更多的遗传变异,更适用于光石蛏的群体遗传分析。在3个群体中,天后宫群体遗传多样性较高,与其他群体之间遗传距离较远,分化明显,中性检验和错配分布分析表明,我国南海3个光石蛏群体近期均存在种群扩张。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Lithophaga has significant ecological value in coral reef ecosystems. In this study, the mitochondrial genomes of Lithophaga teres and Lithophaga zitteliana were newly measured, and their applications in system evolution and Lithophaga population genetics were investigated. The mitochondrial genomes of Lithophaga teres and Lithophaga zitteliana are both double-chain ring structures, which are 35,469 bp and 38,333 bp respectively, and both are composed of 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs and 13 PCGs. By constructing the phylogenetic tree of Mytilidae species, the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationship of Lithophaga in Mytilidae were identified, the classification system of Lithophaga was improved, and it was clarified that Lithophaga is a monophyletic group. Combined with the mitochondrial gene composition and arrangement characteristics, Support removing Leiosolenus out of Lithophaginae. Furthermore, selection pressure analysis was conducted on mitochondrial PCGs of Lithophaga teres and Lithophaga zitteliana. The nad2 gene was screened out as a molecular marker and combined with the cox1 gene for genetic analysis of three wild populations of Lithophaga teres in the South China Sea of China. The lengths of the cox1 and nad2 gene fragments were 748 bp and 425 bp respectively. Compared with cox1, nad2 could reflect more genetic variations and was more suitable for the population genetic analysis of Lithophaga teres. Among the three populations, the Tianhougong population has a higher genetic diversity, a longer genetic distance from the other populations, and obvious differentiation. Neutral tests and mismatch distribution analyses indicate that all three Lithophaga teres populations in the South China Sea of China have recently experienced population expansion. |
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