| 李显森,张吉昌,赵宪勇,左 涛,朱建成,王新良,徐国栋,孟 涛,徐玉成,张 鹏,应一平,孙 珊.2012/2013渔季CAMLR 48区南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源时空分布.渔业科学进展,2015,36(4):1-9 |
| 2012/2013渔季CAMLR 48区南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源时空分布 |
| Spatiotemporal Distribution of Euphausia superba in CCAMLR Area 48 During 2012/2013 Fishing Season |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-29 修订日期：2014-12-03 |
| DOI：10.11758/yykxjz.20150401 |
| 中文关键词: 南极磷虾 拖网调查 CPUE指数 时空分布 |
| 英文关键词: Antarctic krill Trawl survey CPUE index Spatiotemporal distribution |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203018)和农业部“南极海洋生物资源开发利用”项目共同资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据2013年1–9月辽宁远洋渔业有限公司“福荣海”轮南极磷虾拖网调查数据，以3n mile/h拖曳获得的产量作为CPUE指标，对南极磷虾资源时空分布进行了分析。结果显示，1–6月的月均CPUE值相对稳定，7–9月逐月下降。各渔区中平均CPUE值以48.1区最高，为(25.12±31.04) t/h；48.3区最低，为(11.49±12.06) t/h；CPUE值的波动幅度48.1区大于48.2和48.3区。48.1区的南极磷虾群主要分布于0 –100 m水层，CPUE值以25–50 m水层为最高；48.2区虾群主要分布于50–150 m水层，CPUE值以100–150 m水层最高；48.3区虾群主要分布于100–250 m水层，CPUE值以200– 250 m水层最高。海底深度<500 m的近岸海域是磷虾主要集群分布区和商业捕捞渔场，以水深<250 m的浅水区渔场虾群密度最大，平均CPUE值为(17.54±35.26) t/h，水深250–1500 m的深水区渔场平均CPUE值变化较小，在12.0–14.0 t/h之间波动，但水深>1500 m时，平均CPUE值降到(9.62±9.54) t/h。作业渔场的表温SST主要集中在－1–2℃，当SST为－1–0℃时，平均CPUE值最高。探捕调查发现了5个主要的磷虾集群，集群时间可达30 d以上，但集群密度随时间发生变化。调查结果可为研究南极磷虾渔场形成机制和渔业管理提供基础数据，并为商业捕捞提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the trawl survey data of krill (Euphausia superba) fishery from the vessel “FURONGHAI” in 2012/2013 fishing season, the temporal and spatial distribution of krill resources were analyzed with the index of CPUE which was standardized as the yield of 3 n mile drag distance in one hour. The results showed that the monthly average of CPUE was relatively stable from January to June, but declined after July. The mean CPUE on sub-area 48.1 was the highest with (25.12 ± 31.04) t/h, and the lowest mean CPUE was on sub-area 48.3 with (11.49 ± 12.06) t/h. The change of net CPUE was greater in sub-area 48.1 than those in sub-area 48.2 and 48.3. Antarctic krill aggregated mainly in the depth of 0-100 m in sub-area 48.1 with the highest CPUE in 25-50 m layer, but they gathered in sub-area 48.2 mainly in 50-150 m layer with the highest CPUE in 100-150 m layer and in sub-area 48.3 mainly in 100-250 m layer with the highest CPUE in 200-250 m layer. Antarctic krill aggregations were mainly found in the coastal areas less than 500 m in depth which were formed as commercial fishing grounds, and the highest population density was in shallow water of 250 m with the CPUE of (17.54 ± 35.26) t/h. The average CPUE was lightly changed between 12–14 t/h in the grounds of 250–1500 m in depth, and the average CPUE was decreased to (9.62±9.54) t/h while the grounds was more than 1500 m in depth. The ground SST was mainly between –1–2℃, and the average CPUE was higher when the SST was in the range of –1–0℃. There were 5 major aggregations found in this survey, which could last more than 2 months with various densities over time. These results provide the basic data for searching Antarctic krill fishing ground and fisheries management, and provide some reference for commercial fishing as well. |
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