Abstract:In the natural environment, there is reproductive isolation between Epinephelus tulcula and E. fuscoguttatus due to their different geographical distribution and reproduction time and temperature. In this study, we used frozen sperm from E. tulcula and eggs from E. fuscoguttatu for artificial insemination. The fertilized eggs were incubated in water at a temperature of 30℃ and salinity of 20. The embryonic development and post-embryonic metamorphosis were observed in detail. The morphological characteristics and developmental times of hybrid offspring were observed using a microscope and dissecting mirror. We determined the fertilization rate, hatching rate, and deformity rate, and the fry growth parameters were measured. The results showed that the fertilized eggs completed embryo development 1037 maf (min after fertilization). Early in gastrula an embryonic shield was formed on one side of the germ layer, and the neural tube also began to appear when the blastopore was closed. Additionally, as the optic vesicle and the ear vesicle developed, the Kirschner's capsule (end ball) also developed. It was found that the embryoid twitch preceded the heartbeat. When the sarcomere developed to 23 pairs (977 maf), the heart began to beat intermittently at a rate of 98 beats/min and the interval of 24~40 s. The interval of the heartbeat reduced at 1018 maf with a heart rate of 93 beats/min, and then the intermittent phenomenon disappeared. These phenomena have not been documented in previously. The typical feature of metamorphosis is the growth and degeneration of the trigeminal spine. When the hybrid juvenile grew to 3 mm (10 daf, days after fertilization), it formed dorsal and pelvic pin spines. When the length reached 21.5 mm (35 daf), the trigeminal spine degenerated and the metamorphosis was complete. When hybrid juveniles grew to 55.3 mm (45 daf), their phenotypic characteristics were similar to that of the adult. The fertilization rate, hatching rate, and malformation rate of the frozen sperm were (76.67±5.77)%, (85.67±5.13)%, and (6.33±1.54)%, respectively, and there was no significant difference in these parameters when compared to those of fresh sperm (P<0.05). At the 65 daf, the body length of hybrid fry reached 8.89 cm. Then, the offspring of the hybrids tended to be more consistent in body color and they grew very fast. The average body length and body weight of hybrid fish were (32.58±1.60) cm and (559.76±80.85) g at one year old. By contrast farming, the weight of E. fuscoguttatus♀ × E. tulcula ♂ was 1.63-fold of E. fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂, and the total length of E. fuscoguttatus♀ × E.tulcula♂ was 1.24-fold of E. fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂. The growth equation in this period was W=0.0311L2.8079, R²=0.9886. The results suggest that there is no genetic disorder in the hybrid embryos and post-embryonic development between E. tulcula♂ and E. fuscoguttatus♀. The offspring showed high fertility and hatching rate, but low malformation rate. Moreover, the offspring showed heterosis of rapid growth. The study provides a genetic basis for hybrid breeding and seed cultivation of these two grouper species.