| 房景辉,刘相全,赵海峰,王 圣,韦秀梅,冯艳微,刘义豪.投喂频率对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长、体成分组成和能量收支的影响.渔业科学进展,2014,35(5):55-60 |
| 投喂频率对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长、体成分组成和能量收支的影响 |
| Effects of Feeding Frequency on the Growth, Biochemical Composition and Energy Budget of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus |
| 投稿时间：2014-03-12 修订日期：2014-05-26 |
| DOI：10.11758/yykxjz.20140508 |
| 中文关键词: 刺参 投喂频率 生长 体成分组成 能量收支 |
| 英文关键词: Apostichopus japonicus Feeding frequency Growth Biochemical composition Energy budget |
| 基金项目:海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305001号)、山东省科技发展计划项目(2013GHY11532号)、山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(BS2012HZ027号)、烟台市科技发展计划项目(2012133号)和水生动物营养与饲料“泰山学者”岗位经费共同资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在实验室条件下，对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)在不同投喂频率条件下的生长、体成分组成和能量收支进行研究。实验设置4个投喂频率处理，分别每天投喂1(F1组)、2(F2组)、3(F3组)、4(F4组)次，共进行40 d。结果表明，F3组和F4组的刺参生长最快，其末体重均显著大于F1组和F2组(P<0.05)。投喂频率越高，刺参的摄食量越大，F4组摄食量越高，为3.67 g/(d•ind)，F3组和F4组刺参的摄食量均显著高于F1组和F2组(P<0.05)，但F3组和F4组没有显著差异(P>0.05)。饵料转化率随投喂频率的增加而增加。其中，F4组的饵料转化率最高，为9.70%，而消化率却随投喂频率的增加而降低。投喂频率对刺参主要体成分组成影响不大。从各处理的能量收支方程来看，F1组和F2组的粪能占摄食能的比例显著低于F3组和F4组(P<0.05)，但占摄食能的比例均超过了50%，其呼吸能占摄食能的比例显著高于F3组和F4组。本研究表明，室内养殖刺参每天投喂3次最佳，排泄能和呼吸能较高可能是导致F1组生长不佳的主要原因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The relationship between the feeding strategy and the growth of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus has been an important issue in aquaculture, but the study on the optimized feeding frequency was rare. We conducted a 40-day experiment to identify the best feeding frequency and the mechanisms how feeding frequency affected the growth, the biochemical composition and the energy budget of sea cucumbers. The sea cucumbers were divided into four groups according to the feeding frequencies: F1 (1 time/day), F2 (2 times/day), F3 (3 times/day), and F4 (4 times/day). Each group had 3 duplicates. The artificial feed was made by authors themselves. During the experiment, the unfed feed and feces of sea cucumbers were collected then dried at 70℃. The food consumption, initial body weights and final body weights were recorded. The results showed that the F3 and F4 grew faster and their final body weights were significantly higher than those of F1 and F2 (P<0.05). Food consumption increased along with the feeding frequency. Food consumption of F4 was 3.67 g/(d•ind) which was the highest among all groups. Food consumption of F3 and F4 was significantly higher than that of F1 and F2 (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between F3 and F4 (P>0.05). The food conversion efficiency increased along with the feeding frequency and it was 9.70% in F4, but the digestion rate showed the opposite trend. The feeding frequency did not much affect the biochemical composition of sea cucumbers. The remained food energy in feces was more than 50% of the total food energy in all 4 groups, and it was significantly lower in F1 and F2 than in F3 and F4 (P<0.05). The proportions of food energy consumed in respiration in F1 and F2 were higher than those in F3 and F4 (P<0.05). Our data suggested that the optimal feeding frequency was three times per day for sea cucumbers reared indoors. The poor growth performance of F1 may be caused by their high excretion and respiration expenditure in energy. |
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