| 魏佳丽,王际英,宋志东,黄 裕,孙永智,张利民.酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成及血清生化的影响.渔业科学进展,2016,37(1):100-110 |
| 酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成及血清生化的影响 |
| Effects of the Partial Substitute for Fish Meal by Hydrolyzed Krill Meal on Growth Performance, the Body Composition and the Serum Biochemical Prameters of Juvenile Pearl Gentian Grouper |
| 投稿时间：2014-12-11 修订日期：2015-01-05 |
| DOI：10.11758/yykxjz.20141211002 |
| 中文关键词: 酶解磷虾粉 鱼粉替代 石斑鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 |
| 英文关键词: Hydrolyzed krill meal Fish meal substitution Pearl gentian grouper Growth performance Serum biochemical parameters |
| 基金项目:国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205025、201205028)和国家海洋生物产业-水生动物营养和饲料研发创新示范平台资金(201402001)共同资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以酶解磷虾粉分别替代基础饲料中0(T0)、10%(T10)、20%(T20)、30%(T30)、40%(T40)、50%(T50)的鱼粉，配制6种等氮等能的饲料，研究饲料中酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成、血液生化指标、抗氧化性能及氟残留的影响。选取初始均重为(57.80±±0.28) g的珍珠龙胆石斑幼鱼360尾，随机分为6组，每组3个重复，试验周期为56 d。结果显示，(1) T30组的增重率、特定生长率和摄食率均显著高于T0组(P<0.05)；在替代量大于20%时，饲料干物质表观消化率显著高于T0组(P<0.05)；各替代组的饲料系数、肥满度、肝体比、蛋白质效率、蛋白质消化率与T0组无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2) 各替代组全鱼和肌肉水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量与T0组无显著差异(P>0.05)；T30组肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著高于T0组(P<0.05)。(3) 各组间血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05)；T30组尿素氮含量显著低于T0组(P<0.05)；各替代组低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于T0组(P<0.05)。(4) 酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉显著升高了珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及血清超氧化物歧化酶的活力(P<0.05)，同时，显著降低了血清和肝脏中丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。(5) 各组肌肉氟含量均在可检测范围以下，各组间骨骼氟含量随着替代比例的升高而升高，各组差异显著(P<0.05)。研究表明，综合考虑生长性能、体成分、生化指标及抗氧化性能，酶解磷虾粉可替代珍珠龙胆石斑鱼饲料中40%以下的鱼粉，替代量为30%时效果最佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study we investigated the effects of hydrolyzed krill meal on the physiological traits of the juvenile pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀´Epinephelus lanceolatu♂), which included the growth, the body composition, the serum biochemical parameters, the antioxidant capacity and the fluoride retention. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated, in which the fish meal protein was replaced by hydrolyzed krill meal with the following proportions: 0 (T0), 10% (T10), 20% (T20), 30% (T30), 40% (T40), and 50% (T50). Three hundred and sixty juvenile pearl gentian groupers [initial weight (57.80±±0.28) g] were randomly divided into 6 groups, and in each group there were 3 replicates. The experiment lasted for 56 d. The results were described as below: 1) The weight gain rate, the specific growth rate and the feed intake rate in the T30 group were significantly higher than those in the T0 group (P<0.05). For the groups in which the substitution percentages were higher than 20%, the apparent digestibility coefficient for the dry matter was significantly higher than that in the T0 group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio, the condition factor, the protein efficiency ratio, the apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and the hepatosomatic index between the substitution groups and the T0 group (P>0.05). 2) In the whole body and the dorsal muscles, there was no significant difference in the moisture, the crude lipid and the ash contents between the substitution groups and the T0 group (P>0.05). In the dorsal muscles, the T30 group had significantly higher level of crude protein than the T0 group (P<0.05). 3) No significant differences were found in the serum aspertate aminotransferase, the alanine aminotransferase, the total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphate, triacyglycerol and the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol among all groups (P>0.05). The content of the blood urea nitrogen in the T30 group was significantly lower than that in the T0 group (P<0.05). The content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the substitution groups were significantly higher than that in the T0 group (P<0.05). The contents of cholesterol in all substitution groups but T10 were significantly higher than that in the T0 group (P<0.05). 4) Hydrolyzed krill meal significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the serum and the liver, and enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum (P<0.05); whereas the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and the liver was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 5) In all the groups, the fluoride contents in the dorsal muscles were undetectable. In the vertebral bone, the fluoride content was significantly increased along with the increase in the substitution proportion. Under our experimental conditions, hydrolyzed krill meal could replace the fish meal by lower than 40% in the diet. According to the physiological parameters observed in the experiments, we recommended that the optimal substitution proportion should be 30%. |
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