The quality of ovigerous female resources affects the development of the Litopenaeus vannamei industry, and the introduction of different ovigerous female groups from abroad can improve the ovigerous female resources in China. However, it is important to analyze the morphological characteristics of the introduced populations to breed high-propagation and high-growth L. vannamei and obtain high-quality germplasm. Here, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis are used to analyze the morphological differences of four imported L. vannamei populations. The coefficient of variation for each trait was less than 15.000%, except body weight. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no differences in carapace width / carapace length and abdomen width / abdomen length among the four populations. Cluster analysis showed minimal differences between the PRIMO and SIS groups, and the degree of differentiation between the Ecuador and API groups gradually increased. Four principal components were constructed by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 88.861%. The contribution rate of principal component 1 was 32.606%, principal component 2 was 23.982%, principal component 3 was 17.569%, and principal component 4 was 14.704%. Discriminant analysis established discriminant functions for the four groups, and the discriminant accuracy P1 was 33.3%~67.1%, P2 was 30.8%~69.5%, and the comprehensive discriminant accuracy was 52.1%. The coefficient of difference for each trait ratio of the four ovigerous female populations was less than 1.28, indicating morphological differences among the four L. vannamei populations. However, the morphological differences did not reach sub-species levels.