| 摘要: |
| 采用16S rDNA特异引物对63F和842R对蛭弧菌标准菌株Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109 J 和实验菌株Bd 9913进行了PCR鉴定，使用Bd 9913菌株分别对3株虾类病原菌溶藻弧菌Vibrio alginolysticus LS01、HF09，副溶血弧菌V. parahaemolyticusV28以及1株大肠埃希氏菌Escherichia coli CH 42 进行裂解。结果表明，105PFU/ml的Bd 9913对于109CFU/ml的宿主菌具有较好的裂解效果。采用30×105 PFU/ml Bd109 J 和Bd 9913分别与饲料混合（v/w）后投喂30g 左右的凡纳滨对虾幼虾，14 d内未发现对虾异常，且在对虾肠道内检测不到Bd109-J及Bd 9913，证明二者对于凡纳滨对虾幼虾是安全的。对正常养殖了50d的室外集约化虾池水体分别泼洒终浓度03mg/L的二氯异氰脲酸、0.3mg/L季胺盐络合碘和3.0×105 PFU/ml蛭弧菌，后者对于抑制水体弧菌活菌浓度的效果明显优于化学消毒剂。当每隔20d左右分别进行一次上述水体处理，通过比较体内弧菌感染的对虾个体数，发现从肝胰腺分离到弧菌的对虾数量二者无显著差异，但从血淋巴分离到弧菌的对虾数量，蛭弧菌处理组显著少于化学消毒剂处理组，显示了蛭弧菌在预防对虾弧菌感染方面的优越性。 |
| 关键词: 噬菌蛭弧菌 对虾 弧菌病 生物防治 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目（KSCX2-YW-N-47-01）和农业部渔业生态环境重点实验室开放课题（2003-04）共同资助 |
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| Prevention of Vibrio infection by application ofBdellovibrio bacteriovorus in intensively cultured shrimp |
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| Abstract: |
| Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain Bd 9913 was identified using 16S rDNA universal primers 63F and 842R. The lytic ability of Bd 9913 on shrimp pathogenic bacterial agents, Vibrio alginolysticus and V. parahaemolyticus, and a standard strain of Escherichia coli was investigated respectively. The safety of Bd109-J and Bd 9913 to postlarvae of white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei,was demonstrated in two weeks after oral administration of 30 105 PFU/ml Bdellovibrios mixed 1∶1(v/w) with commercial feed Disinfection effect of Vibrioes in shrimp water was compared between chemical disinfectant treatment (0.3mg/L chloride and/or iodide) and Bdellovibrios addition (30×105 PFU/ml). Results indicated that the later showed great advantage to the former in keeping the concentration of live vibrios at a safe level twice as long (20 days). Furthermore,advantage was also shown when Bdellovibrios rather than chemical treatment was used to control shrimp vibrio infection in the outdoor intensive shrimp ponds. |
| Key words: Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus ShrimpVibriosis Biocontrol |
