| 摘要: |
| 采用PCR扩增技术对三疣梭子蟹日本北海道群体、韩国东海岸群体和我国山东即墨市会场村群体3个野生群体的16S rRNA和COI基因片段进行了扩增和测序，分别得到了长度为523和658bp的片段。通过统计变异位点、平均核苷酸差异数和核苷酸多样性指数，分析比较了不同群体间的序列差异和遗传多样性水平。结果显示，我国会场三疣梭子蟹野生群体的遗传多样性水平较低。用MEGA 4.0软件中的NJ法构建的分子进化树，基于16S rRNA片段构建的NJ系统树所反映的分类关系与基于COI基因片段构建的系统树并不一致，主要不同在于与日本蟳的分类关系上，基于16S rRNA基因片段构建的NJ系统树显示梭子蟹科的3个属聚为两大支：三疣梭子蟹不同的单倍型先聚在一起，再和梭子蟹属的远海梭子蟹及塞氏梭子蟹聚为一支；而青蟹属的3种蟹先聚在一起，再和日本蟳聚为一支。而基于COI基因片段构建的系统树显示，梭子蟹属先与青蟹属的两种蟹聚为一支，然后再与日本蟳聚在一起。本研究共发现19种单倍型，我国会场群体与日本北海道群体、韩国东海岸群体均有共享单倍型，表明我国会场群体与国外两个野生群体的遗传背景相似。这些资料为我国三疣梭子蟹的种质资源保护和利用提供了基础的分子生物学依据。 |
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| Comparison of genetic characteristics of three Portunus trituberculatus populations based on the sequences of mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI gene |
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| Abstract: |
| 16S rRNA and COI fragments from two mitochondrial genes of Portunus trituberculatus sampled from three sites (Hokkaido of Japan, the east coast of South Korea and Huichang, Jimo of China) were amplified and sequenced. The variable sites, nucleotide diversity, average number of nucleotide differences and nucleotide diversity index were calculated, and the sequence differences and genetic diversity levels among three different populations were compared. The results show that levels of genetic diversity of Chinese wild population are low. The molecular phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA was different with that of COI gene, which was constructed using NJ method with software MEGA 4.0. Their main difference was in the classification relationship with Charybdis. The phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences show that Portunidae are clustered into two branches: different haplotypes of P. trituberculatus clustered first, then with P. pelagicus and P. sayi; the three kinds of Scylla clustered first, then with Charybdis japonica. In this study, 19 haplotypes were obtained, and Huichang, Hokkaido and east coast of South Korea populations possessed shared haplotypes, indicating that these three wild P. trituberculatus populations had similar genetic background. These findings are expected to provide molecular biological basis for the protection and utilization of P. trituberculatus resources in China.. |
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