| 摘要: |
| 采用常规分析方法，对我国北黄海3种常见蛇尾种类[紫蛇尾(Ophiopholis mirabilis)、史氏盖蛇尾(Stegophiura sladeni)和浅水萨氏真蛇尾(Ophiura sarsii vadicola)]的主要营养成分进行了分析比较。将鲜活蛇尾样品超低温(-70℃)冷冻后，在冷冻干燥机中干燥至恒重，用于成分分析。结果显示，3种蛇尾的水分含量均未超过50%，其中史氏盖蛇尾的水分含量最低，为41.61% (P < 0.05)，而其灰分含量最高，为80.70% (P < 0.05)。3种蛇尾的氨基酸总量较低，其中紫蛇尾氨基酸总量最高，为14.90% (P < 0.05)。紫蛇尾、史氏盖蛇尾和浅水萨氏真蛇尾必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值(EAA/TAA)依次为35.37%、29.58%和34.97%，紫蛇尾的必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸总量均显著高于其他两种蛇尾(P < 0.05)，其氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均是3种蛇尾中最高的。紫蛇尾、史氏盖蛇尾和浅水萨氏真蛇尾的不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为52.91%、50.03%和64.31%，其中浅水萨氏真蛇尾的不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于其他两种蛇尾(P < 0.05)，而其饱和脂肪酸含量最低，仅为13.32%，显著低于其他两种蛇尾(P < 0.05)。3种蛇尾富含矿物质元素，其中浅水萨氏真蛇尾的Ca、Mg含量最高，分别达到了348000 mg/kg和28500 mg/kg (P < 0.05)。研究表明，这3种蛇尾不适合作为优质蛋白源，而可能用于补钙功能食品的开发，同时其体内较高的碳酸盐含量表明其可能对海洋碳汇具有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 紫蛇尾 史氏盖蛇尾 浅水萨氏真蛇尾 营养成分 |
| DOI：10.11758/yykxjz.20150603 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:973计划课题(2011)CB409805、中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费重大项目预研项目(2014A01YY01)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“獐子岛生态渔业专项”(20603022015017)共同资助 |
|
| The Analysis of Nutrient Components of Three Brittle Star Species in the North Yellow Sea |
|
FANG Jinghui1, ZHANG Jihong2, JIANG Zengjie3, MAO Yuze4, ZANG Yuanqi5, FANG Jianguang6
|
|
1.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071;2.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266072;3.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266073;4.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266074;5.Qingdao Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau, Qingdao 266000;6.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266076
|
| Abstract: |
| Nutrient components of brittle stars Ophiopholis mirabilis, Stegophiura sladeni and Ophiura sarsii vadicola collected in the North Yellow Sea of China were studied. Alive samples were frozen at −70℃, and then dried in a lyophilizer. The results showed that the moisture content of the brittle stars was less than 50%, and it was 41.61% in S. sladeni that was significantly lower than those in the others (P<0.05). The ash content in S. sladeni was 80.70%, which was higher than those of the others (P<0.05). The total amino acid content in the brittle stars was low, and the highest one was in O. mirabilis with 14.90% (P<0.05). The percentage of essential amino acids to the total amino acids (EAA/TAA) of O. mirabilis, S. sladeni and O. sarsii vadicola was 35.37%, 29.58% and 34.97%, respectively. The essential amino acids and flavour amino acids in O. mirabilis were significantly higher than those in the others (P<0.05). Furthermore, the highest amino acids score, chemical score and essential amino acids index were in O. mirabilis. The unsaturated fatty acids in O. mirabilis, S. sladeni and O. sarsii vadicola were 52.91%, 50.03% and 64.31%, respectively, and the highest one was in O. sarsii vadicola (P<0.05). However, the lowest saturated fatty acid was in O. sarsii vadicola with 13.32% (P<0.05). All species were rich in mineral element. The Ca and Mg contents in O. sarsii vadicola were significantly higher than those in the others (P<0.05), which were 348000 mg/kg and 28500 mg/kg, respectively. The results suggested that these three species are not good protein sources but suitable for developing function food for Ca supplement. The high carbonate content in brittle stars showed that brittle stars are probably important to the ocean carbon sink. |
| Key words: Ophiopholis mirabilis Stegophiura sladeni Ophiura sarsii vadicola Nutrient components |
