| 摘要: |
| Kisspeptin (简称Kiss或者Kp)是由KISS1/Kiss1基因编码的一种下丘脑神经肽，通过其受体KissR(也称作GPR54)的介导参与了多种生理过程，如抑制肿瘤转移和参与生殖调控。目前，尽管在鲤形目(Cypriniformes)、鲈形目(Perciforms)、鲽形目(Pleuronectiforms)、鲀形目(Tetraodontiforms)、颌针目(Beloniforms)、鲉形目(Scorpaeniformes)、鲑形目(Salmoniformes)及鳕形目(Gadiformes)等多种鱼类中均鉴定出了kiss/kissr基因，但Kiss/KissR系统在鱼类生殖调控中的精确作用及其分子机制尚未完全阐明。尤其是在鱼类中存在2种kiss及3种kissr基因，Kiss/KissR系统对鱼类生殖调控的作用方式更加复杂。本文简要总结鱼类Kiss及其受体的研究进展，并对Kiss的生理学功能、信号转导机制以及kiss/kissr表达调控研究进行概括讨论，旨在加深对鱼类Kiss/KissR系统的认识和了解，为后续研究指明方向。 |
| 关键词: 鱼类 Kisspeptin kisspeptin receptor 生殖 信号转导 基因表达调控 |
| DOI： |
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| Regulatory mechanisms of Kisspeptin on the reproductive axis in fish |
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WANG Bin1,2, LIU Xuezhou1,2, XU Yongjiang1,2, SHI Bao1,2, LIU Quan1,3
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1.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071;2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071;3.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306
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| Abstract: |
| Kisspeptin (Kiss or Kp), a novel physiologically active peptide encoded by the KISS1/Kiss1 gene, activates its cognate receptor KissR (also known as GPR54) in various target tissues to exert disparate functions, including inhibition of tumor metastasis and control of reproductive function. The KISS1 gene was originally isolated from human melanoma and breast cancer cells, and kisspeptin was initially called metastin in consideration of its suppressive effects on tumor growth and metastasis. With the exception of the platypus, a mammalian monotreme, which has two forms of kisspeptin genes (Kiss1 and Kiss2), there is only one ligand, Kiss1, and its receptor, Kiss1R in placental mammals. However, this situation is different and even complex in non-mammalian species. Three kiss/kissr genes were described in amphibians, while searches in the chicken genome databases failed to identify these paralogous genes. To date, multiple forms of kiss/kissr genes have been identified in many teleosts, including Cypriniformes, Perciforms, Pleuronectiforms, Tetraodontiforms, Beloniforms, Scorpaeniformes, Salmoniformes and Gadiformes. A dual kisspeptin system, kiss1/kiss1r and kiss2/kiss2r, have been detected in medaka, zebrafish, goldfish, chub mackerel, striped bass, and European sea bass, while only kiss2/kiss2r was identified in orange-spotted grouper, grass puffer, Nile tilapia, Atlantic halibut, Senegalese sole, and half-smooth tongue sole. In addition, the physiological relevance and functions of the Kiss/KissR system for the neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction remains to be established in fish. It should be noted that the mechanisms underlying the actions of Kiss on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis are still far from being fully understood. Given the multiple forms of kiss and kissr genes obtained in teleosts, the regulation of fish reproduction by the Kiss system is even complex. This review briefly summarized the progress of research on Kiss and its receptors, with special emphasis on the physiological functions of Kiss in fish, the signaling transduction pathways as well as the regulation of kiss/kissr gene expression. We hope that this review will contribute to future studies. |
| Key words: Fish Kisspeptin kisspeptin receptor Reproduction Signal transduction Regulation of gene expression |
