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| BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-153和BDE-209对蛋白核小球藻、大型溞和大菱鲆的急性毒性效应 |
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迟潇1,2, 夏斌2,3, 朱琳2,3, 陈碧鹃2,3, 孙雪梅2,3, 赵信国2, 唐学玺1, 曲克明2
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1.中国海洋大学海洋生命学院 青岛 266003;2.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 农业农村部海洋渔业资源可持续发展重点实验室 山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 青岛 266071;3.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 青岛 266237
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究选取4种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)同系物(BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-153和BDE-209)对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、大型溞(Daphnia magna)和大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)进行急性毒性实验。结果显示，4种PBDE同系物对蛋白核小球藻的96 h EC50为1.39 (BDE-47)、1.76 (BDE-99)、3.23 (BDE-153)和378.62 μg/L (BDE-209)，安全浓度为0.10 (BDE-47)、0.18(BDE-99)、0.27 (BDE-153)和8.68 μg/L (BDE-209)；对大型溞的96 h LC50为0.24 (BDE-47)、1.42 (BDE-99)、1.49( BDE-153)和63.93 μg/L (BDE-209)，安全浓度为0.03 (BDE-47)、0.82 (BDE-99)、0.94 (BDE-153)和BDE-209 (5.09 μg/L)；对大菱鲆的96 h LC50为5.46(BDE-47)、6.07 (BDE-99)、7.35(BDE-153)和118.78 μg/L (BDE-209)，安全浓度为2.02 (BDE-47)、2.01 (BDE-99)、2.17 (BDE-153)和58.62 μg/L (BDE-209)。多溴联苯醚同系物毒性随着溴原子取代数的增加而减小(BDE-47>BDE-99>BDE-153> BDE-209)。虽然目前海水中PBDEs处于安全浓度，但由于PBDEs的结构稳定性和环境持久性，其对环境的影响不容忽视。 |
| 关键词: 多溴联苯醚 蛋白核小球藻 大型溞 大菱鲆 急性毒性 |
| DOI：10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20180606001 |
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| Acute Toxicity of Four Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Congeners to Marine Organisms: Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Daphnia magna, and Scophthalmus maximus |
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CHI Xiao1,2, XIA Bin2,3, ZHU Lin2,3, CHEN Bijuan2,3, SUN Xuemei2,3, ZHAO Xinguo2, TANG Xuexi1, QU Keming2
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1.College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003;2.Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fishery Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266071;3.Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, we examined the biological toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, new persistent organic pollutants that can accumulate in organisms and have toxic effects in higher nutritional levels of the food chain. We performed acute toxicity tests using four polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) congeners, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153, and BDE-209, on three species of marine organism, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Daphnia magna, and Scophthalmus maximus. The 96 h concentrations for 50% maximal effect (96 h EC50) and 50% lethality (96 h LC50) were calculated for each species. The 96 h LC50 and safe concentrations of the four PBDE homologs on C. pyrenoidosa were as follows: BDE-47, 1.39 and 0.10 μg/L; BDE-99, 1.76 and 0.18 μg/L; BDE-153, 3.23 and 0.27 μg/L; and BDE-209, 378.62 and 8.68 μg/L, respectively. The 96 h LC50 and safe concentrations of the four PBDE homologs on D. magna were as follows: BDE-47, 0.24 and 0.03 μg/L; BDE-99, 1.42 and 0.82 μg/L; BDE-153, 1.49 and 0.94 μg/L; and BDE-209, 63.93 and 5.09 μg/L, respectively. The 96 h LC50 and safe concentrations of the four PBDE homologs on S. maximus were as follows: BDE-47, 5.46 and 2.02 μg/L; BDE-99, 6.07 and 2.01 μg/L; BDE-153, 7.35 and 2.17 μg/L; and BDE-209, 118.78 and 58.62 μg/L, respectively. BDE-47 was shown to be particularly toxic to marine organisms, with toxicity decreasing according to the number of Br atoms in the congener molecule in the following order: BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153, and BDE-209. The PBDE content of global seawater is currently at the pg/L level, whereas the 96 h EC50 and 96 h LC50 of the four homologs was at the µg/L level, much higher than the PBDE content of the marine environment. However, owing to the structural stability and environmental persistence of PBDEs, their effects on environmental health cannot be ignored, and further studies will be conducted on their toxicity. |
| Key words: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) Chlorella pyrenoidosa Daphnia magna Scophthalmus maximus Acute toxicity |