| 摘要: |
| 为了解黄海和东海渔业资源群落结构的变化，基于2013年6月(夏季)和9月(秋季)黄、东海渔业资源底拖网调查数据，对渔业资源种类组成、优势种、渔获量空间分布、群落多样性和群落结构进行了研究。结果显示，共鉴定渔业种类185种，其中底层鱼类93种、中上层鱼类31种、甲壳类48种、头足类12种和贝类1种。在鱼类中，鲈形目种类最多，27科47属56种，占鱼类总种类数的45.2%。夏季优势种为鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)、带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)，秋季优势种为三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)、小黄鱼、鳀和带鱼，优势种季节波动不大。秋季平均单位时间渔获量为46.60 kg/h，高于夏季(39.35 kg/h)。秋季航次调查中渔业资源较夏季更为集中，主要分布在长江口和吕泗渔场附近，其他断面渔获量较低。夏季航次群落多样性指数高于秋季航次。CLUSTER聚类分析表明，黄、东海渔业生物群落可分为2组，夏、秋季2组界线变动不大，2组聚类的形成可能受水温和长江径流影响。 |
| 关键词: 黄海 东海 渔业资源 群落结构 优势种 |
| DOI：10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20181120001 |
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| Variations of fishery resource structure in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea |
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DAI Fangqun1,2, ZHU Ling1,2,3, CHEN Yunlong1,2,3
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1.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;2.Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071;3.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071
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| Abstract: |
| To elucidate the dynamics of fishery resources structure in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, species composition, dominate species, spatial distribution of catch, community diversity and community structure of fishery species in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were studied based on the bottom trawl survey data collected from June and September in 2013. A total of 185 fishery species were collected, including 93 dermersal fish species, 31 pelagic species, 48 crustacean species, 12 cephalopod species and one mollusk species. Among these fish species, the richest species was found in Perciformes (27 families, 47 genera and 56 species). There was no obvious seasonal variation of dominate species. In summer, the dominate species were sand shrimp Crangon affinis and hairtail Trichiurus lepturus, whereas in autumn, the dominate species were the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, yellow small croaker Larimichthys polyactis, Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus and hairtail Trichiurus lepturus. The average catch per haul was higher in autumn (46.60 kg/h) than that in summer (39.35 kg/h). The spatial distribution of fishery resource in autumn concentrated in the Yangtze River estuary and Lvsi fishing ground. The diversity indices of fishery species in summer were higher than that in autumn. The fishery biological communities could be divided into two groups based on the cluster analysis. The separation between two groups was primarily influenced by the temperature and discharge of Yangtze River. |
| Key words: Yellow Sea East China Sea Fishery resources Community structure Dominate species |
