| 摘要: |
| 在鱼类适应环境盐度变化的过程中，鳃、肾、肠是主要的渗透调节器官，而水通道蛋白(Aquaporins, AQPs)、囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(CFTR)、钠氢交换体(NHE)又是这些器官中重要的渗透调节基因。为研究AQP1、AQP3、CFTR、NHE1在大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)低盐胁迫过程中的渗透调节功能，本研究采用荧光定量PCR技术，对4种基因在盐度5和盐度10下大菱鲆鳃、肾、肠中表达量随时间的变化进行检测。结果显示，AQP1表达量在鳃中极少(P<0.05)，在肾和肠中较高，低盐胁迫下，盐度5组和盐度10组在鳃中的表达量无显著变化，在肾和肠中均显著上升(P<0.05)。AQP3表达量在肾中极少(P<0.05)，在鳃中较高，在肠中较少，低盐胁迫下，盐度5组和盐度10组在肾中的表达量无显著变化，在鳃和肠中均显著上升(P<0.05)。CFTR表达量在肾中极少，在鳃中较高，在肠中较少，低盐胁迫下，盐度5组和盐度10组在肾中的表达量无显著变化，在鳃和肠中均显著下降(P<0.05)。NHE1在鳃和肠中表达量较少，在肾中较高，低盐胁迫下，盐度5组和盐度10组在鳃中的表达量无显著变化，在肾和肠中均显著上升(P<0.05)。这些结果表明，4种基因表达水平因组织、盐度和时间的不同而不同，反映了这4种基因的功能特异性；在低盐胁迫下，4种基因积极响应，表达量均发生不同程度的变化，表明AQP1、AQP3、CFTR和NHE1在大菱鲆低盐环境适应中可能具有潜在的重要作用。另外，本研究结果可为大菱鲆半咸水养殖和淡化养殖提供理论依据，同时为培育适应低盐环境大菱鲆良种提供理论和技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 大菱鲆 低盐胁迫 水通道蛋白 囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子 钠氢交换体 荧光定量PCR |
| DOI： |
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| Response of Aquaporin (AQP1, AQP3) and Ion Channel Protein (CFTR, NHE1) of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to Low-Salinity Stress |
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ZHANG Jinsheng1,2,3,4,5, LIU Zhifeng1,2,3,4,5, MA Aijun1,2,3,4,5, CUI Wenxiao1,2,3,4,5, QU Jiangbo6
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1.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;2.Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding;3.Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071;4.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306;5.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071;6.Yantai Tianyuan Aquatic Limited Corporation, Yantai 264003
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| Abstract: |
| Salinity is an important environmental factor affecting the growth and metabolism of fish. The gill, kidney, and intestine are the main osmoregulatory organs involved in the adaptation of fish to changes in environmental salinity, and aquaporins (AQPs), the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), and the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) are important osmoregulatory genes in these organs. To study the osmoregulatory function of AQP1, AQP3, CFTR, and NHE1 in turbots (Scophthalmus maximus) under low salinity stress, their expressions in the gill, kidney, and intestine of turbots at salinity levels of 5 and 10 (5- and 10-salinity groups, respectively) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the expression of AQP1 was very low in the gill but high in the kidney and intestine. Under low salinity stress, the expression of AQP1 in the gill did not change significantly in either of the salinity groups, but it increased significantly in the kidney and intestine (P<0.05). The expression of AQP3 was very low in the kidney, high in the gill, and low in the intestine. Under low salinity stress, the expression of AQP3 in the kidney did not change significantly in either of the salinity groups, but it increased significantly in the gill and intestine (P<0.05). Similarly, the expression of CFTR was very low in the kidney, high in the gill, and low in the intestine. Under low salinity stress, the expression of CFTR in the kidney did not change significantly in either of the salinity groups, but it decreased significantly in the gill and intestine (P<0.05). The expression of NHE1 was low in the gill and intestine but high in the kidney. Under low salinity stress, the expression of NHE1 in the gill did not change significantly in either of the salinity groups, but it increased significantly in the kidney and intestine (P<0.05). These results indicate that the expressions of the four genes vary according to tissue type, salinity, and time, thus reflecting their functional specificity. Under low salinity stress, these genes responded positively and their expressions changed to varying degrees, thus suggesting the roles of AQP1, AQP3, CFTR, and NHE1 in the adaptation of turbots to low salt environments. In addition, the results of this study can provide theoretical basis for brackish water aquaculture and desalination aquaculture of turbots as well as theoretical and technical support to improve the breeding of turbot varieties and their adaptation to low salinity environments. |
| Key words: Scophthalmus maximus Low-salinity stress Aquaporins Cysticfibrosis transmembrane regulator Na+/H+-exchanger Quantitative real-time PCR |
