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| 桑沟湾浮游植物群落结构时空变化特征及影响因素 |
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侯兴1,2, 高亚平2, 杜美荣2, 姜娓娓2, 李凤雪2, 董世鹏1,2, 李文豪1,2, 孟珊1,2, 王军威3, 张义涛3, 蒋增杰2,4
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1.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院 上海 201306;2.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室 青岛 266071;3.荣成楮岛水产有限公司 荣成 264312;4.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室 青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解北方典型养殖海湾——桑沟湾水域浮游植物群落结构的时空变化特征及其影响因素，于2017年4月(春季)、7月(夏季)、11月(秋季)和2018年1月(冬季)对桑沟湾水域21个站点进行4个航次的大面调查。结果显示，调查期间，该湾共采集到浮游植物31属51种，其中，硅藻(Diatom) 24属43种，甲藻(Dinoflagellate) 3属4种，绿藻(Chlorophyta) 2属2种，金藻(Chrysophyta) 2种，蓝藻(Cyanophyta) 1种。按照季节划分，春季22种，夏季20种，秋季23种，冬季20种。优势度指数分析结果表明，硅藻是绝对优势种，其中，具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcate)为全年优势种，数量百分比在18.6%~84.9%之间。浮游植物细胞丰度在0.16×103~12.20×103个/L之间，表现为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季。物种多样性指数(Shannon)范围为0.69~1.35，物种均匀度指数J (Pielou)范围为0.42~0.70。磷酸盐是桑沟湾浮游植物生长的主要限制营养盐。研究结果揭示了桑沟湾养殖水域浮游植物的时空变化特征，为深入认识养殖生态系统的结构和功能提供了基础数据。 |
| 关键词: 浮游植物 群落结构 营养盐 滤食性贝类 桑沟湾 |
| DOI：10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20200130001 |
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| Temporal and spatial variation in phytoplankton community structure and their relationship with environmental factors in Sanggou Bay |
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HOU Xing1,2, GAO Yaping2, DU Meirong2, JIANG Weiwei2, LI Fengxue2, DONG Shipeng1,2, LI Wenhao1,2, MENG Shan1,2, WANG Junwei3, ZHANG Yitao3, JIANG Zengjie2,4
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1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306;2.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071;3.Rongcheng Chudao Aquaculture Corporation, Rongcheng 264312;4.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071
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| Abstract: |
| In order to better understand the temporal and spatial variation in characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and their relationship with environmental factors in Sanggou Bay, four seasonal cruises were carried out at 21 sites in April (spring), July (summer) and November (autumn) 2017 and in January 2018 (winter). Analysis identified 51 species from 31 phytoplankton genera in the surveyed area. Among these, 43 species were from 24 genera of diatoms, 4 species from 3 genera of dinoflagellates, 2 species from 2 genera of Chlorophyta, and 1 species of Cyanophyta. Seasonal analysis showed that there were 22 species in spring, 20 species in summer, 23 species in autumn, and 20 species in winter. The dominance index showed that diatoms comprised the dominant species, and that Paralia sulcata was the dominant species throughout the year, with percentages ranging between 18.6% and 84.9%. The abundance of phytoplankton cells ranged from 0.16×103 cells/L to 12.2×103 cells/L (winter > spring > autumn > summer). The species diversity index (Shannon-Wiener index) varied from 0.69 to 1.35 (autumn > summer > winter > spring). The species evenness index J (Pielou) ranged from 0.42 to 0.70. Phosphate is the main limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in Sanggou Bay. The results reveal the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of phytoplankton community in a typical large-scale mariculture bay and provide the basic data for in depth understanding of the structure and function of the mariculture ecosystem. |
| Key words: Phytoplankton Community structure Inorganic nutrients Filter-feeding bivalves Sanggou Bay |