| 摘要: |
| 本研究通过在养殖水体中添加底泥或单胞藻调节悬浮颗粒浓度，研究了悬浮物数量浓度和质量浓度变化对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)、硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)和菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)保留效率的影响。结果显示，文蛤、硬壳蛤及菲律宾蛤仔的保留效率分别在粒径为8、6和6 μm时达到最大值，分别为51.1%、59.6%和62.6%。随着数量浓度的增加，文蛤在低(4.32× 107 cells/L)、中(5.27×107 cells/L)、高(6.65×107 cells/L) 3个数量浓度下保留效率达到最大值时的最小粒径逐渐增大，分别为9、13和14 μm，保留效率最大值分别降至49.7%、33.4%和26.2%；与文蛤相似，菲律宾蛤仔保留效率达到最大值时的最小粒径也分别增大至9、12和14 μm，但最大保留值无明显变化；硬壳蛤保留效率的最大值保持不变，但达到最大值时的最小粒径略有增大，分别为8、9和10 μm。随质量浓度的增加，文蛤和菲律宾蛤仔在低(5.7 mg/L)、中(11.8 mg/L)、高(23.3 mg/L) 3个质量浓度下的保留效率最大值和达到最大值时的最小粒径均无明显变化；硬壳蛤保留效率最大值显著降低，分别为60.7%、27.6%和25.5%，但保留效率达到最大值时的最小粒径保持不变。研究表明，文蛤和菲律宾蛤仔的保留效率对食物颗粒数量浓度变化更敏感，而硬壳蛤的保留效率受质量浓度变化影响较大。 |
| 关键词: 悬浮颗粒浓度 保留效率 文蛤 硬壳蛤 菲律宾蛤仔 |
| DOI： |
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| Effects of particle concentration on the retention efficiency of Meretrix meretrix, Mercenaria mercenaria and Ruditapes philippinarum |
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XIE Bin1,2, LIN Zhihua2,3, HE Lin2
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1.College of Marine Sciences, NingBo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China;2.Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China;3.Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Seeds Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, the retention efficiency (RE) of Meretrix meretrix, Mercenaria mercenaria, and Ruditapes philippinarum were measured by adding sediment or unicellular algae to adjust the concentration of suspended particles. The results showed that in natural seawater, the RE of M. meretrix, M. mercenaria, and R. philippinarum reached maximum retention when the particle sizes were 8 μm, 6 μm, and 6 μm, which were 51.1%, 59.6%, and 62.6%, respectively. With an increase in particle number concentration, the minimum particle sizes for maximal retention in M. meretrix shifted to approximately 9 μm, 13 μm, and 14 μm in low (4.32×107 cells/L), mid (5.27×107 cells/L) and high (6.65×107 cells/L) particle number concentration, respectively. The relative standardized RE decreased to 49.7%, 33.4%, and 26.2%. As in M. meretrix, the minimum particle sizes for maximal retention in R. philippinarum shifted from 6 μm to 9 μm, 12 μm, and 14 μm with the change in particle number concentration, but the change in maximal retention was not significant. The change in maximal retention in M. mercenaria was not significant; however, the minimum particle sizes for maximal retention shifted to approximately 8 μm, 9 μm, and 10 μm, respectively. With the increase in particle concentration, the change in maximal retention and minimum particle size for maximal retention was not significant in three different particle concentration, low (5.7 mg/L), mid (11.8 mg/L) and high (23.3 mg/L), retention of M. mercenaria changed significantly, 60.7%, 27.6%, and 25.5%, respectively. The results indicate that the RE of M. meretrix and R. philippinarum were more sensitive to particle concentration, while the RE of M. mercenaria was more sensitive to organic content. |
| Key words: Suspended particle concentration Retention efficiency Meretrix meretrix Mercenaria mercenaria Ruditapes philippinarum |
