| 摘要: |
| 2008年7月1～15日，在广东省红海湾对虾养殖区域选取3口养殖84～98 d的高位池，对养殖水体浮游微藻和常规水质因子进行每天1次采样分析。共检出浮游微藻6门25种，其中绿藻10种，硅藻两种，甲藻7种，裸藻4种，蓝藻1种，金藻1种。浮游微藻细胞数量介于5.13×108~4.01×109 ind/L，生物量为42.92~181.73 mg/L，数量多样性指数平均为1.01~1.30，生物量多样性指数平均为1.83~2.27。优势种主要是蛋白核小球藻和绿色颤藻，二者的优势度之和高达90%，控制着浮游微藻总数量的变动趋势。从各门藻类生物量对总生物量贡献多少来看，对虾高位池养殖后期是以蓝藻门、绿藻门和硅藻门为优势类群而组成的浮游微藻群落结构。 |
| 关键词: 对虾养殖 高位池 浮游微藻 优势种 多样性 |
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| 基金项目:现代农业(虾)产业技术体系建设专项资金(NYCYTX-46)、国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BAD13B10)、南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研专项(2010YD05)、公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201103034）、国家自然科学基金(30800851)、广东省自然科学基金(10151030002000008)、广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A200901B02)、广东省鱼病防治专项(2130108)和广东省科技计划（2010B02039001）共同资助 |
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| Study on microalgae community structure and its relationship with environment factors in the shrimp ponds during the later phases of culture period |
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| Abstract: |
| Investigations were conducted on the microalgae community in high-level prawn ponds of Litopenaeus annamei. A total of 26 microalgae species were identified during the period of investigation. Of these, 10 species were Chlorophyta, 7 were Pyrrophyta, 4 were Euglenophyta, 2 each were Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta, and 1 was Chrysophyceae. In high-level prawn ponds, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Oscillatoria chlorine were the dominant species in the later phases of the culture period, contributing more than 90% of the total microalgae. The number of microalgae was in the range of 5.13×108~4.01×109 ind/L, biomass 42.92~181.73 mg/L. The averages of Shannon-Wiener index and biomass diversity index were 1.01~1.30 and 1.83~2.27, respectively. The three dominant groups of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta) consisted of phytoplankton community structure in the final culture phases. |
| Key words: Prawn culture High-level pond Microalgae Dominant species Diversity |
