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| 食用海带(Saccharina japonica)新品系遗传多样性研究 |
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姚海芹1,2, 刘福利2, 王飞久2, 梁洲瑞2, 汪文俊2, 孙修涛2, 李晓蕾1,2,3
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1.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院 上海 201306;2.农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 青岛 266071;3.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室 青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 为获取3个食用海带(Saccharina japonica)新品系(“海天1号”、“海天2号”、“海天3号”)和“黄官1号”海带的遗传多样性和遗传结构信息，为海带种质保存及新品系培育提供理论依据，本研究采用SSR分子标记技术，从20对SSR引物中筛选出8对扩增效果好的引物，对4个海带品系的120个样本进行了种群遗传分析。结果显示，8对引物共检测到28个具有多态性的等位基因，9个特异性等位基因，平均每对引物检测到等位基因数为4.6250个。4个海带品系的Nei¢s基因多样性(H)和香农指数(I)平均值分别为0.3809和0.6702，遗传多样性水平偏低，且亲缘关系较近。其中，“海天1号”海带的H、I值最高，多态性位点最多，遗传多样性优于其他3个海带品系。“海天2号”、“海天3号”和“黄官1号”海带遗传多样性水平依次降低。聚类分析结果显示，“海天1号”与“海天3号”海带亲缘关系最近，而与“黄官1号”海带亲缘关系最远。AMOVA分析显示，4个海带品系92.06%的变异来源于品系内部，7.94%的变异来源于品系间。“黄官1号”海带的遗传多样性在4个海带品系中最低，以其作为亲本培育新品种时，应注意提高子代的遗传多样性。遗传多样性最高的是“海天1号”，可充分利用其优点培育优良的新品系。 |
| 关键词: 海带 遗传多样性 SSR 聚类分析 AMOVA |
| DOI：10.11758/yykxjz.20160302002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“863”子课题(2012AA10A406)、山东省科技发展计划(2013GHY11505)、山东省农业良种工程项目(抗逆功能性海带种质的基因开发与利用)和国家青年自然科学基金项目(41306176)共同资助 |
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| Study on Genetic Diversity of Four New Saccharina japonica Cultivars |
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YAO Haiqin1,2, LIU Fuli2,3, WANG Feijiu2, LIANG Zhourui2, WANG Wenjun2, SUN Xiutao2, LI Xiaolei1,2
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1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306;2.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071;3.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071
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| Abstract: |
| In order to provide reliable theoretical basis for high-efficiency utilization of Saccharina japonica germplasm resources in its breeding practice, the information of genetic diversity and structure of three new edible S. japonica cultivars (including “Haitian No.1”, “Haitian No.2” and “Haitian No.3”) and “Huangguan No.1” were explored in this study. We selected eight pairs of primers for the simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker technique to test the genetic diversity of 120 samples of the four S. japonica cultivars. From 20 pairs of SSR primers published online, eight pairs were identified because of their good amplification patterns on the majority of 120 DNA templates. The results showed that 28 polymorphic alleles and 9 specific alleles were detected by eight SSR markers, and the average alleles per primers detected were about 4.6250. The Nei¢s gene diversity (H) and the Shannon index (I) of the four S. japonica cultivars were 0.3809 and 0.6702, respectively. It indicated that the genetic diversity of the four S.japonica was relatively low and four species were genetically related. Among them, the Nei¢s gene diversity (H), Shannon¢s information index (I) and the number of polymorphic alleles were the highest in “Haitian No.1”. This indicated that the genetic diversity of S. japonica of “Haitian No.1” was higher than other three S. japonica cultivars. The levels of genetic diversity of “Haitian No.2”、“Haitian No.3” and “Huangguan No.1” decreased successively. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the relationship between “Haitian No.1” and “Haitian No.3” was close, but the relationship between “Haitian No.1” and “Huangguan No.1” was not. AMOVA analysis showed that about 92.06% of the variation was derived from individuals of the four S. japonica cultivars, and 7.94% of the variation was derived among the four S. japonica cultivars. The genetic diversity of “Huangguan No.1” was the lowest, suggesting the need of strengthening the biodiversity protection; the highest genetic diversity was the “Haitian No.1”, and could be used for developing new cultivars. |
| Key words: Saccharina japonica Genetic diversity SSR Cluster analysis AMOVA |