| 摘要: |
| 为研究维生素D3对仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参生长、体组成及抗氧化能力的影响，在基础饲料中分别添加0(D1)、250(D2)、500(D3)、1000(D4)、2000(D5)、3000(D6) IU/kg的维生素D3(实测值：95、334、570、1076、2063、3081 IU/kg)，制作6组等氮等能的实验饲料，饲喂初始体重为(15.43±0.14) g仿刺参幼参56 d。结果显示，1) 维生素D3对仿刺参存活率(SR)无显著影响(P>0.05)，显著提高了增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)，D1组均显著低于其他组(P<0.05)；D3、D4、D5组肠体比(IWR)显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)，但3组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2) 维生素D3对体壁水分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量无显著影响(P>0.05)；粗灰分含量随添加量的增加呈先升后降趋势，D5组达到最高值；羟脯氨酸含量呈先下降后上升趋势，D4组达到最低值；维生素D3显著提高了体壁Ca含量(P<0.05)；体壁维生素D3的沉积量呈先上升后下降趋势，D4组达到最高值，显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。P含量呈先上升后平稳趋势；Mg含量呈上升趋势，D1组显著低于其他组(P<0.05)；Fe含量呈先升后降趋势，D5、D6组显著低于其他组(P<0.05)；Mn含量呈下降趋势，但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3) 随着维生素D3添加量的增加，肠道碱性磷酸酶(AKP)及总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力呈先上升后下降趋势，丙二醛(MDA)含量呈下降趋势，各组间总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究表明，以增重率为评价指标，一元二次线性回归分析表明，初始体重为15.43 g的仿刺参对维生素D3的最适需求量为1587.5 IU/kg。 |
| 关键词: 仿刺参 维生素D3 生长 体成分 抗氧化能力 |
| DOI： |
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| Effects of Dietary Vitamin D3 on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Antioxidant Capacity of the Juvenile Sea Cucumber |
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WANG Lili1,2, LI Baoshan2, WANG Jiying2, SUN Yongzhi2, HAN Xiujie1,2, WANG Yaping1,2, HAO Tiantian2, WANG Shixin2
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1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Center for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306;2.Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Yantai 264006
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| Abstract: |
| A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 (VD3) on growth performance, body composition, and antioxidant capacity of the juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Six isonitrogen and isoenergetic diets were formulated by adding 0 (D1), 250 (D2), 500 (D3), 1000 (D4), 2000 (D5), or 3000 (D6) IU/kg VD3 into the basal diet (measured value: 95, 334, 570, 1076, 2063, and 3081 IU/kg). Juvenile sea cucumbers with initial body weights of (15.43±0.14) g were fed for 56 days. Results showed that VD3 had no effect on survival rate (P>0.05) of the sea cucumber. Further, both the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly improved, and those of the D1 group were significantly lower than the other groups (P<0.05). The ratios of intestine weight to body weight of the D3, D4, and D5 groups were significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P<0.05), but there were no differences among them (P>0.05). With increasing VD3, moisture, crude protein, and crude lipid contents of the body wall were not affected significantly (P>0.05), but crude ash contents of the body wall increased and thereafter declined, reaching the maximum in the D5 group. The contents of hydroxyproline of the body wall decreased initially and then increased, reaching the minimum in the D4 group (P<0.05). The deposition amount of VD3 in the body wall increased initially and then decreased. The D4 group showed the highest value. VD3 significantly increased the contents of calcium in the body wall (P < 0.05). Additionally, the phosphorus content increased at first and was maintained. The contents of phosphorus of the D4, D5, and D6 groups were significantly higher than that of the D1 group (P<0.05), but there were no differences among them (P>0.05). The contents of magnesium in the body wall increased in all groups by dietary VD3, and all experimental groups had significantly higher magnesium contents than that in the D1 group (P<0.05). The contents of iron increased initially and then decreased, and the contents in the D5 and D6 groups were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The contents of manganese decreased, but the difference between each group was not significant (P>0.05). With increases in dietary VD3 level, both the activities of alkaline phosphatase and total superoxide dismutase in the intestines of the experimental groups first increased and then declined, while the contents of malondialdehyde decreased. The total antioxidative capacity and catalase activity in the intestines of all groups were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by VD3. In conclusion, analysis by a WGR linear regression equation indicated that the optimal demand for VD3 in the sea cucumber (initial body weight 15.43 g) was 1587.5 IU/kg. |
| Key words: Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) Vitamin D3 Growth performance Body composition Antioxidant capacity |
