| 摘要: |
| 本研究基于简化基因组测序(2b-RAD)技术，对中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) “黄海2号” 2015~2017年3个连续选育世代(G9~G11)的亲本群体、共649个个体进行了简化基因组测序，并对这3个亲本群体进行了遗传结构和遗传多样性分析。实验在3个选育世代中共获得66985个SNP位点。遗传分析的结果显示，G9~G11平均核苷酸多样性(Pi)分别为0.1439、0.1587和0.1674，平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.1388、0.1515和0.1609，多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.1241、0.1360和0.1430。G9~G11亲本群体的遗传多样性整体呈现一定的上升趋势，但差异不显著。F检验显示， 3个世代总的Fst值为0.0061，G9~G11相邻世代群体间遗传分化程度较弱(G9~G10为0.0029, G10~G11为0.0026)，表明相邻世代的遗传距离逐渐减小。3个世代间基因交流充分，基因流为62.91~94.63。本研究表明，人工定向选育工作的推进对中国明对虾选育群体遗传多样性和遗传结构产生了一定的影响：在固定的选择压力下(4%~5%)，亲本群体的遗传多样性并无降低的趋势，中国明对虾选育群体遗传分化小，遗传结构趋向稳定。研究结果为进一步制定中国明对虾选育计划提供基础遗传数据和科学的理论指导。 |
| 关键词: 中国明对虾 选育群体 2b-RAD SNP 遗传多样性 |
| DOI：10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20190510001 |
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| Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Three Generations of Breeding Populations of Fenneropenaeus chinensis Based on Reduced-Representation Genome Sequencing |
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WANG Fengjiao1,2,3, MENG Xianhong1,2, FU Qiang1,2, LUAN Sheng1,4, SUI Juan1,4
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1.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071;2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071;3.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306;4.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Produ
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| Abstract: |
| Using a reduced-representation genome sequencing (2b-RAD) technique, this study performed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) screening of 649 individuals selected from three consecutive breeding generations (G9~G11) in a population of Fenneropenaeus chinensis named “Huanghai 2”. Genetic structure and genetic diversity of the parents’ population were further analyzed using these markers. In total, 66985 SNPs were developed and genotyped in the 649 shrimp. A genetic analysis showed that the average nucleotide diversities (Pi) were 0.1439, 0.1587, and 0.1674 in G9, G10, and G11, respectively. The average observed heterozygosities (Ho) were 0.1388, 0.1515, and 0.1609, respectively. The polymorphic information contents (PIC) were 0.1241, 0.1360, and 0.1430. Genetic diversity parameters of the G9~G11 parent population showed an undisputed upward trend, although it was not significant. An F-test showed that the total Fst value of all three generations was 0.0061, and the degree of genetic differentiation between adjacent generations was weak (G9~G10 0.0029, G10~G11 0.0026). Genetic distances of adjacent generations decreased slightly, to 0.0029 and 0.0026 in G9~G10 and G10~G11, respectively. Gene flow was 62.91~94.63 in all generations, which indicated that sufficient gene exchange. This study confirmed a certain impact of artificial selection on genetic diversity and genetic structure in F. chinensis breeding populations. It also showed that current breeding strategies (selection pressures of 4% to 5% in each generation), do not undermine genetic diversity in parental populations. Genetic differentiation in each generation’s breeding population was small, and genetic structures tended to be stable. The study provides a basic database for genetic analysis of F. chinensis at the molecular level, and theoretical guidance and data support for the formulation of a F. chinensis breeding program. |
| Key words: Fenneropenaeus chinensis Breeding populations 2b-RAD SNP Genetic diversity |
